{"id":280,"date":"2023-08-05T16:49:56","date_gmt":"2023-08-05T08:49:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/?p=280"},"modified":"2025-06-11T00:53:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T16:53:18","slug":"aql%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%ad%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/280\/","title":{"rendered":"AQL\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u4e2d\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

ArrangoDB\u6587\u6863\/By aakz0347<\/h3>\n

\u56db\u3001\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u67e5\u8be2<\/h5>\n
FOR doc IN users   \/*user\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408*\/\n    RETURN doc\n\n\/*\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0FILTER, SORT, LIMIT\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c*\/\nFOR doc IN users\n  FILTER doc._key == \"phil\"\n  RETURN doc\n\n FOR doc IN users\n  FILTER doc.status == \"active\"\n  SORT doc.name\n  LIMIT 10\n\/*\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff0cLIMIT\u653e\u5728\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728FILTER, SORT\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e*\/ <\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6570\u636e\u4fee\u6539\u67e5\u8be2<\/h5>\n
INSERT\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u6587\u6863\u63d2\u5165\u96c6\u5408\nUPDATE\uff1a\u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u65b0\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u6863\nREPLACE\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u6362\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u6863\nREMOVE\uff1a\u4ece\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u6863\nUPSERT\uff1a\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u5730\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u6863<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u4ee5users\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09<\/p>\n
INSRT{\n    _key: \"PhilCarpenter\"\n    firstName: \"Anna\",\n    name: \"Pavlova\",\n    profession: \"artist\"\n    status: \"active\"\n}INTO users<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u6539status\u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0location\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n
UPDATE \"PhilCarpenter\" WITH {\n  status: \"inactive\",\n  location: \"Beijing\"\n} IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
REPLACE\u64cd\u4f5c\u662fUPDATE\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u6389\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n
REPLACE {\n  _key: \"NatachaDeclerck\",\n  firstName: \"Natacha\",\n  name: \"Leclerc\",\n  status: \"active\",\n  level: \"premium\"\n} IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
REMOVE\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u6863\u952ekey\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n
REMOVE \"NatachaDeclerck\" IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4fee\u6539\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n
\/*\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1ainsert+for*\/\nFOR i IN 1..1000\n  INSERT {\n    id: 100000 + i,\n    age: 18 + FLOOR(RAND() * 25),\n    name: CONCAT('test', TO_STRING(i)),\n    status: i % 2 == 0 ? \"active\" : \"not active\",\n    active: false,\n    gender: i % 3 == 0 ? \"male\" : i % 3 == 1 ? \"female\" : \"diverse\"\n  } IN users\n\/*\u4fee\u6539\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1aupdate+for*\/\nFOR u IN users\n  FILTER u.status == \"not active\"\n  UPDATE u WITH {\n    status: \"inactive\"\n  } IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
\/*\u590d\u5236\u96c6\u5408\u5185\u5bb9*\/\nFOR u IN users\n    INSERT u IN backup\n\nFOR u IN users\n    FILTER u.staus == \"deleted\"\n    REMOVE u IN backup\n\n\/*\u5220\u9664\u96c6\u5408\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9*\/\nFOR u IN users\n    REMOVE u IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
1.\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7HASH()\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
2.RETURN OLD \/ RETURN NEW \u8fd4\u56de\u4fee\u6539\u524d\/\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u503c<\/p>\n
\/*\u90e8\u5206\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u4ec5\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u7684\u952e*\/\nFOR i IN 1..100\n    INSERT {\n        value: i\n    }IN test\nRETURN NEW._key<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n
1.FOR \u4e0e OPTION<\/h5>\n
\/*\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2*\/\nFOR u IN users\n  LET subquery = (FOR l IN locations RETURN l.location)\n  RETURN { \"user\": u, \"locations\": subquery }\n\/*option*\/\nFOR \u2026 IN \u2026 OPTIONS { indexHint: \"byName\" }<\/code><\/pre>\n
indexHint\/forceIndexHint<\/p>\n
disableIndex\uff1a\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u627e\u6216\u8005\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u626b\u63cf<\/p>\n
maxProjections\/useCache\/lookahead<\/p>\n
2.RETURN<\/h5>\n
return\u4f1a\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u8303\u56f4\u5e76\u6d88\u9664\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
RETURN DISTINCT<\/code>\u4f7f\u7ed3\u679c\u552f\u4e00<\/p>\n
3.SEARCH<\/h5>\n
\u5173\u952e\u5b57SEARCH<\/code>\u542f\u52a8\u8bed\u8a00\u6784\u9020\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u7531\u5e95\u5c42\u7d22\u5f15\u52a0\u901f\u3002\u5b83\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7d22\u5f15\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u89c6\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57FILTER<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
FOR doc IN viewName\n  SEARCH expression\n  OPTIONS { \u2026 }\n  ...<\/code><\/pre>\n
SEARCH\u662fFOR\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u610f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5d4c\u5957\u5728FOR\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d<\/p>\n
4.SORT, LIMIT, LET<\/h5>\n
FOR u IN users\n  SORT u.lastName, u.firstName, u.id DESC\n  RETURN u\n\/*DESC\u964d\u5e8fASC\u5347\u5e8f*\/\n\nFOR u IN users\n  SORT u.firstName, u.lastName, u.id DESC\n  LIMIT 2, 5\n  RETURN u\n\/*LIMIT\u8df3\u8fc7\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd4\u56de\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u76845\u4e2a\u6570\u636e*\/\n\nLET\u8bed\u53e5FOR u IN users\n  LET friends = (\n  FOR f IN friends \n    FILTER u.id == f.userId\n    RETURN f\n  )\n  LET memberships = (\n  FOR m IN memberships\n    FILTER u.id == m.userId\n      RETURN m\n  )\n  RETURN { \n    \"user\" : u, \n    \"friends\" : friends, \n    \"numFriends\" : LENGTH(friends), \n    \"memberShips\" : memberships \n  }\n\/*LET\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u58f0\u660e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n
5.COLLECT<\/h5>\n
COLLECT<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6309\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6807\u51c6\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u503c\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9891\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\/*\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c*\/\nFOR u IN users\n  COLLECT city = u.city INTO groups\n  RETURN { \n    \"city\" : city, \n    \"usersInCity\" : groups \n  }\n\/*\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6807\u51c6*\/\nFOR u IN users\n  COLLECT country = u.country, city = u.city INTO groups\n  RETURN { \n    \"country\" : country, \n    \"city\" : city, \n    \"usersInCity\" : groups \n  }\n\/*\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u89e3\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4users\u5148\u6309\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u57ce\u5e02\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u3002*\/\n\n\/*\u901a\u8fc7COLLECT\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cd\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e22\u5f03\u4e0d\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u91cf*\/\nCOLLECT country = u.country, city = u.city INTO groups = u.name<\/code><\/pre>\n
WITH COUNT INTO<\/code>\u4e0d\u5982\u4f7f\u7528AGGREGATE<\/code>\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u5728COLLECT<\/code>\u4e4b\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n
FOR u IN users\n  COLLECT ageGroup = FLOOR(u.age \/ 5) * 5 \n  AGGREGATE minAge = MIN(u.age), maxAge = MAX(u.age)\n  RETURN {\n    ageGroup, \n    minAge, \n    maxAge \n  }<\/code><\/pre>\n
6.WINDOW<\/h5>\n
WINDOW<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u76f8\u90bb\u6587\u6863\u7684\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u524d\u884c\u540e\u884c\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e\u884c\u7684\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u805a\u5408(https:\/\/www.arangodb.com\/docs\/stable\/aql\/operations-window.html<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n
7.REMOVE, UPDATE, REPLACE, INSERT<\/h5>\n
UPDATE\/REPLACE <document> IN <collection><\/code><\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0cdocument\u5bf9\u8c61\u5fc5\u987b\u5e26\u6709\u6587\u6863\u952e\u7684\u5c5e\u6027_key<\/code><\/p>\n
FOR u IN users\n  UPDATE { _key: u._key, name: CONCAT(u.firstName, \" \", u.lastName) } IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
UPDATE\/REPLACE <keyExpression> WITH <document> IN <collection><\/code><\/p>\n
\u7531keyExpression\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a<\/p>\n
UPDATE \"my_key\" WITH { name: \"Jon\" } IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
8.UPSERT<\/h5>\n
UPSERT<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u6863\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\/\u66ff\u6362\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n
UPSERT searchExpression<\/em> INSERT insertExpression<\/em> UPDATE updateExpression<\/em> IN collection<\/em><\/p>\n
UPSERT { name: 'superuser' }   \/*\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884cUPDATE*\/\nINSERT { name: 'superuser', logins: 1, dateCreated: DATE_NOW() }   \/*\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884cINSERT*\/\nUPDATE { logins: OLD.logins + 1 } IN users<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7528\u6765\u5728 users<\/code> \u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a superuser<\/code> \u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u7684 logins<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u5c06\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0 1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u4f1a\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d name<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a superuser<\/code>\uff0clogins<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u800c dateCreated<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u5219\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":271,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","emotion":"","emotion_color":"","title_style":"","license":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[29,28,41],"class_list":["post-280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-30","tag-aql","tag-arangodb","tag-41"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=280"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":282,"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280\/revisions\/282"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reverieland.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}