1.ajax跨域访问,cookie丢失
创建两个测试域名：a.fdipzone.com 作为客户端域名，b.fdipzone.com 作为服务端域名，测试代码如下：
//setcookie.php 用于设置服务端cookie
<?php
setcookie('data', time(), time()+3600);
?>
//server.php 用于被客户端请求
<?php
$name = isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : '';
$ret = array( 'success' => true, 'name' => $name,
'cookie' => isset($_COOKIE['data'])? $_COOKIE['data'] : ''
);
// 指定允许其他域名访问
header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com');
// 响应类型
header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST');
// 响应头设置
header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type');
header('content-type:application/json'); echo json_encode($ret);
?>
//test.html 客户端请求页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$.ajax({
url: 'http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php', // 跨域
dataType: 'json',
type: 'post',
data: {'name':'fdipzone'}, success:function(ret){ if(ret['success']==true){ alert('cookie:' + ret['cookie']);
}
}
});
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
首先先执行http://b.fdipzone.com/setcookie.php, 创建服务端cookie。然后执行http://a.fdipzone.com/test.html，输出如下：
{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":""}获取cookie失败。
2.解决办法
请求时将withCredentials属性设置为true，使可以指定某个请求应该发送凭据。若服务器接收带凭据的请求，会用如下HTTP头部来响应。
服务端-设置header：（允许请求带有验证信息）
header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true");test.html 修改如下：
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$.ajax({
url: 'http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php', // 跨域xhrFields:{withCredentials: true}, // 发送凭据dataType: 'json',
type: 'post',
data: {'name':'fdipzone'}, success:function(ret){ if(ret['success']==true){ alert('cookie:' + ret['cookie']);
}
}
});
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
server.php修改如下：
<?php
$name = isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : '';
$ret = array( 'success' => true, 'name' => $name,
'cookie' => isset($_COOKIE['data'])? $_COOKIE['data'] : ''
);
// 指定允许其他域名访问
header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com');
// 响应类型
header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST');
// 响应头设置
header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type');
// 是否允许请求带有验证信息
header('Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true');
header('content-type:application/json'); echo json_encode($ret);
?>
按之前步骤执行，请求返回如下：
{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":"1484558863"}获取cookie成功。
3.注意事项
(1.如果客户端设置了withCredentials属性设置为true，而服务端没有设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true，请求时会返回错误。
Reference:XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. Credentials flag is 'true', but the 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' header is ''. It must be 'true' to allow credentials. Origin 'http://a.fdipzone.com' is therefore not allowed access.
(2.服务端header设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true后，Access-Control-Allow-Origin不可以设为*，必须设置为一个域名，否则回返回错误。
Reference:XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. A wildcard '*' cannot be used in the 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' heade
4.扩展：Ajax跨域请求COOKIE无法带上的解决办法
原生ajax请求方式为：
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", "http://xxxx.com/demo/b/index.php", true); xhr.withCredentials = true; // 支 持 跨 域 发 送 cookies xhr.send();
jquery的ajax的post方法请求：
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "http://xxx.com/api/test", dataType: 'jsonp', xhrFields: { withCredentials: true
},
crossDomain: true, success:function(){
},
error:function(){
}
})
服务器端设置：
header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true");
header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://www.xxx.com");